setError

Manually set validation errors on fields.

</> `setError:` UseFormSetError

This function allows you to manually set an error on a field. You can call it multiple times to set errors on multiple fields.

Props

Name	Type	Description
`name`	string	input's name.
`error`	`{ type?: string, message?: string, types?: MultipleFieldErrors }`	`type` (optional) — An identifier for the error source (e.g. `"required"`, `"custom"`, `"serverError"`). Exposed as `errors[name].type`. `message` (optional) — The human-readable error message. Exposed as `errors[name].message`. `types` (optional) — A `Record<string, string \| boolean>` that assigns multiple messages to a single field, keyed by error type (e.g. `{ required: "This is required", minLength: "Too short" }`). Exposed as `errors[name].types`. Use this instead of `message` when you need to display more than one validation message for the same field simultaneously — set `criteriaMode: "all"` on the form if you also want built-in/schema validation to populate `types` the same way.
options	`{ shouldFocus?: boolean }`	Should focus the input during setting an error. This only works when the input's reference is registered, it will not work for custom register as well.

RULES

This method will not persist the associated input error if the input passes register's associated rules.

register("registerInput", { minLength: 4 })
setError("registerInput", { type: "custom", message: "custom message" })
// validation will pass as long as minLength requirement pass

An error that is not associated with an input field will be persisted until cleared with clearErrors. This behavior is only applicable for built-in validation at the field level.
```
setError("notRegisteredInput", { type: "custom", message: "custom message" })
// clearErrors() needs to be invoked manually to remove that custom error
```
Since v7.43.0 You can set a server or global error with root as the key. This type of error will not persist with each submission.

setError("root.serverError", {
  type: "400",
})

shouldFocus doesn't work when an input has been disabled.
This method will force formState.isValid to false. However, isValid is always derived from the validation results of your registered inputs or schema.
Avoid using type, root, ref, types, message, or form as field names — these collide with the internal shape of FieldError/GlobalError.

Examples:

Single Error

CodeSandbox ^TS

import { useEffect } from "react"
import { useForm } from "react-hook-form"

type FormInputs = {
  username: string
}

const App = () => {
  const {
    register,
    handleSubmit,
    setError,
    formState: { errors },
  } = useForm<FormInputs>()
  const onSubmit = (data: FormInputs) => {
    console.log(data)
  }

  useEffect(() => {
    setError("username", {
      type: "manual",
      message: "Dont Forget Your Username Should Be Cool!",
    })
  }, [setError])

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)}>
      <input {...register("username")} />
      {errors.username && <p>{errors.username.message}</p>}

      <input type="submit" />
    </form>
  )
}

Multiple Errors

setError sets exactly one error per call. To set errors on multiple fields, call it once per field — typically in a loop over the server's error response.

CodeSandbox ^TS

import { useForm } from "react-hook-form"

type FormInputs = {
  username: string
  firstName: string
}

const App = () => {
  const {
    register,
    handleSubmit,
    setError,
    formState: { errors },
  } = useForm<FormInputs>()

  const onSubmit = (data: FormInputs) => {
    console.log(data)
  }

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)}>
      <label>Username</label>
      <input {...register("username")} />
      {errors.username && <p>{errors.username.message}</p>}
      <label>First Name</label>
      <input {...register("firstName")} />
      {errors.firstName && <p>{errors.firstName.message}</p>}
      <button
        type="button"
        onClick={() => {
          const inputs = [
            {
              type: "manual",
              name: "username",
              message: "Double Check This",
            },
            {
              type: "manual",
              name: "firstName",
              message: "Triple Check This",
            },
          ]

          inputs.forEach(({ name, type, message }) => {
            setError(name, { type, message })
          })
        }}
      >
        Trigger Name Errors
      </button>
      <input type="submit" />
    </form>
  )
}

Single Field Errors

Use types (with criteriaMode: "all") to attach multiple validation messages to a single field at the same time. Each key in the object is an error-type identifier; each value is the message to display for that rule.

import { useEffect } from "react"
import { useForm } from "react-hook-form"

type FormInputs = {
  lastName: string
}

const App = () => {
  const {
    register,
    handleSubmit,
    setError,
    formState: { errors },
  } = useForm<FormInputs>({
    criteriaMode: "all",
  })

  const onSubmit = (data: FormInputs) => console.log(data)

  useEffect(() => {
    setError("lastName", {
      types: {
        required: "This is required",
        minLength: "This is minLength",
      },
    })
  }, [setError])

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)}>
      <label>Last Name</label>
      <input {...register("lastName")} />
      {errors.lastName && errors.lastName.types && (
        <p>{errors.lastName.types.required}</p>
      )}
      {errors.lastName && errors.lastName.types && (
        <p>{errors.lastName.types.minLength}</p>
      )}
      <input type="submit" />
    </form>
  )
}

Server Error

import { useForm } from "react-hook-form";

const App = () => {
  const { register, handleSubmit, setError, formState: { errors } } = useForm({
    criteriaMode: 'all',
  });
  const onSubmit = async () => {
    const response = await fetch(...)
    if (response.statusCode > 200) {
        setError('root.serverError', {
          type: response.statusCode,
        })
    }
  }

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)}>
      <label>Last Name</label>
      <input {...register("lastName")} />

      {errors.root.serverError.type === 400 && <p>server response message</p>}

      <button>submit</button>
    </form>
  );
};

Video

The following video explains the setError API in detail.

</> setError: UseFormSetError

Props

Examples:

Video

</> `setError:` UseFormSetError